MKOMAZI GAME RESERVE:
The Mkomazi Reserve covers an area of 3,701 km sq. along the Kenya-Tanzanian border, between Kilimanjaro and the coast, (adjacent to the Tsavo National Park 21,000 km sq.). This area of semi-arid savanna comprises a single ecological unit, individual parts of which provide seasonal refuges for many species of large mammals and migrant birds.

The flanking ranges of the North and South Pare and Usambara mountains provide climatic and topographical diversity, which in turn produces great habitat and species diversity, especially in the western and central areas. In addition the Reserve lies at the southern extremity of the great arc of semi-arid savanna, the Sahel, into which many Somalian species of plants and animals are funnelled, but beyond which they are unable to extend their range, concentrating species diversity, and making this one of the richest savannas in Africa.

The Mkomazi/Umba is rich in fauna and flora this is still among a few areas where species like Gerenuk (Litocranius Waller) and Oryx (Oryx gazelle) can easily be spotted. Other endemic species include the wild cat and the Silver backed Jackal. Other common species in Mkomazi include Lions, Leopards, Elephants, Lesser Kudu, Waterbuck, Giraffe, Grant Gazelle, Hyena Hartebeest, Warthog and Zebra. To date almost 450 species of birds have been recorded and over 100 species of plants. Reptiles are also found in the reserve. The notable species include Crocodile in Umba River, Python and the Agama Lizard.

In the late 1960’s 250 black rhino inhabited Mkomazi, but by the late 1980’s there were none. A rhino sanctuary was established at Mkomazi to reintroduce the animals. The aim is to build up a viable population of approximately 20 animals. To date eight have been brought to Mkomazi from South Africa. The rhino sanctuary is situated in the centre of reserve, the perimeter fence is electrified, alarmed, and constantly patrolled on foot and in vehicles by armed guards. There are also internal fences to separate new arrivals. A similar programme is underway for the Painted Hunting Dog. Mkomazi has the first captive breeding and translocation programme for the dogs in east Africa.

The wilderness and dense vegetation nature of this reserve is ideal for hiking and walking although this is a purely conservational park and unfortunately there is no accommodation in the Reserve.